Tulun Downhole / Gilashin hakowa (Makanikanci / na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa)
1. [Drilling]
Na'urar injiniya ta yi amfani da downhole don isar da nauyin tasiri zuwa wani ɓangaren ƙasa, musamman lokacin da wannan ɓangaren ya makale. Akwai nau'ikan farko guda biyu, kwalban ruwa da injin inji. Duk da yake ƙirarsu daban-daban sun bambanta sosai, aikinsu iri ɗaya ne. Ana adana makamashi a cikin kirtani kuma kwatsam ta fito da kwalban lokacin da ta kunna. Ka'idar tana kama da na kafinta ta amfani da guduma. Ana adana makamashin motsa jiki a cikin guduma yayin da ake jujjuya shi, kuma ba zato ba tsammani ya fito zuwa ga ƙusa da jirgi lokacin da guduma ya bugi ƙusa. Ana iya ƙera kwalba don buge sama, ƙasa, ko duka biyun. A cikin yanayin tashin sama sama da maƙalli na rami na ƙasa, mai ƙwanƙwasa a hankali ya ja sama a kan maƙarƙashiya amma BHA ba ta motsawa. Tun da saman ƙwanƙwasa yana motsawa sama, wannan yana nufin cewa ƙwanƙwasa kanta yana shimfiɗawa da adana makamashi. Lokacin da tulun suka isa wurin harbinsu, ba zato ba tsammani sai su ƙyale wani sashe na kwalba ya motsa axially kusa da daƙiƙa, ana ja da su da sauri kamar yadda ƙarshen bazara mai shimfiɗa ke motsawa lokacin da aka saki. Bayan 'yan inci na motsi, wannan sashin motsi yana shiga cikin kafadar karfe, yana ba da nauyin tasiri. Baya ga nau'ikan injina da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, ana rarraba kwalba a matsayin tulun hakowa ko tulun kamun kifi. Ayyukan nau'ikan biyu iri ɗaya ne, kuma dukkansu suna ba da kusan bugu ɗaya na tasiri, amma an gina tulun hakowa ta yadda zai fi dacewa da juriya da lodin girgizar da ke da alaƙa da hakowa.
2. [To Kammala]
Kayan aiki na ƙasa wanda ake amfani da shi don ba da nauyi mai nauyi ko tasiri mai nauyi zuwa taron kayan aikin ƙasa. Yawanci ana amfani da shi wajen ayyukan kamun kifi don 'yantar da abubuwa masu makale, ana samun tulu a cikin kewayon girma da iyawa don isar da nauyin tasiri na sama ko ƙasa. Wasu majalissar kayan aiki na slickline suna amfani da kwalba don sarrafa kayan aikin da ke ɗauke da fil ɗin shear ko bayanan martaba a cikin hanyar aiki.
3. [Aiki mai kyau da shiga tsakani]
Kayan aiki na ƙasa wanda aka yi amfani da shi don sadar da ƙarfin tasiri ga kirtani na kayan aiki, yawanci don sarrafa kayan aikin ƙasa ko don kawar da igiyar kayan aiki mai makale. Gilashin ƙira daban-daban da ƙa'idodin aiki ana haɗa su akan slickline, naɗaɗɗen tubing da igiyoyin kayan aiki. Ƙananan slickline kwalba sun haɗa da taro wanda ke ba da izinin tafiya kyauta a cikin kayan aiki don samun ƙarfin hali don tasirin da ke faruwa a ƙarshen bugun jini. Manya-manyan tuluna masu sarƙaƙƙiya don naɗaɗɗen tubing ko igiyoyin aiki sun haɗa da tafiya ko tsarin harbi wanda ke hana kwalbar yin aiki har sai an yi amfani da tashin hankalin da ake so a kan kirtani, don haka inganta tasirin da aka samu. An ƙera kwalabe don sake saita su ta hanyar sarrafa igiya mai sauƙi kuma suna iya maimaita aiki ko harbi kafin a dawo dasu daga rijiyar.
Table 2Jarring Load of Drilling Jarnaúrar:KN
abin koyi | sama jarring lodi | Up jarring buše karfi | tsohon shuka kasa jarring lodi | na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa lodi gwada ja da ƙarfi | Lokaci naJinkirin ruwa |
JYQ121 Ⅱ | 250 | 200± 25 | 120± 25 | 220 ±10 | 30~60 |
JYQ140 | 450 | 250± 25 | 150± 25 | 300 ±10 | 45~90 |
JYQ146 | 450 | 250± 25 | 150± 25 | 300 ±10 | 45~90 |
JYQ159 | 600 | 330± 25 | 190± 25 | 370 ±10 | 45~90 |
JYQ165 | 600 | 330± 25 | 220± 25 | 400 ±10 | 45~90 |
JYQ178 | 700 | 330± 25 | 220± 25 | 400 ±10 | 45~90 |
JYQ197 | 800 | 400± 25 | 250± 25 | 440 ±10 | 45~90 |
JYQ203 | 800 | 400± 25 | 250± 25 | 440 ±10 | 45~90 |
JYQ241 | 1400 | 460± 25 | 260± 25 | 480 ±10 | 60~120 |
5. BAYANI
abu | JYQ121 | JYQ140 | JYQ146 | JYQ159 | JYQ165 |
ODin | 43/4 | 51/2 | 53/4 | 61/4 | 61/2 |
ID in | 2 | 21/4 | 21/4 | 21/4 | 21/4 |
Chaɗin gwiwa API | NC38 | NC38 | NC38 | NC46 | NC50 |
up jar bugun jiniin | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
saukar jar bugun jiniin | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
Cci gaba
abu | JYQ178 | JYQ197 | JYQ203 | JYQ241 |
ODin | 7 | 7 3/4 | 8 | 9 1/2 |
ID in | 2 3/4 | 3 | 23/4 | 3 |
Chaɗin gwiwa API | NC50 | 6 5/8 REG | 65/8 REG | 7 5/8 REG |
up jar bugun jiniin | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
saukar jar bugun jiniin | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
karfin aikift-Ib | 22000 | 30000 | 36000 | 50000 |
max. kaya mai ƙarfilb | 540000 | 670000 | 670000 | 1200000 |
Mgatari. up jar kayaIb | 180000 | 224000 | 224000 | 315000 |
Mgatari. saukar jar lodi Ib | 90000 | 100000 | 100000 | 112000 |
tsayin gaba ɗayamm | 5256 | 5096 | 5095 | 5300 |
fistanyankimm2 | 5102 | 8796 | 9170 | 17192 |